Propoganda in Animal Farm essays

Propoganda in Animal Farm expositions Promulgation is the utilization of language for the spreading of thoughts or data for the enhancement of a reason. It is utilized as a manipulative apparatus that transfigures ones contemplations into those planted by another, at last adulterating ones capacity to imagine considerations and reason appropriately. All through George Orwells novella Animal Farm, considerable proof is given of the kinds of purposeful publicity utilized by the pigs, the overseeing body of the homestead. The essential disseminator is Squealer. He is Napoleons talked individual or press specialist, since he has a delicate, influential voice and huge glad looking eyes. In light of his physical properties, he is authentic and the animals put their trust in him for answers and clarifications on the status of the homestead. Squealer utilizes his rhetoric abilities to cause the pigs to show up as persevering, Im-on-your-side people by the utilization of mottos, lying, evolving history, giving apprehension, and other purposeful publicity procedures. Squealer ingrains dread into the creatures by compromising Jones return. This is the most utilized kind of promulgation in the story. The Seven Commandments prohibit creatures from staying in bed beds. Later in the story, the pigs move into the farmhouse and start rest in the beds. The creatures face Squealer and express their anxiety on this issue. Squealer answers, . . . I can let you know, confidants with all the brainwork we do these days. You would not deny us of our rest, OK friends? You would not have us too tired to even consider carrying out our obligations? Unquestionably none of you wishes to see Jones return? (Page 80). This causes such a great amount of dread in the creatures that they dismiss their own records of the approval of the Seven Commandments, which they all observer months sooner. They figure that they would prefer to have the pigs snoozing beds than have Jones returned, so they console Squealer on the point. Nothing is ever referenced again about the pigs s... <!

Operation and finances Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Activity and accounts - Research Paper Example The cost of the item should consistently be in consistence with the fixed cost inside the zone. There is a requirement for the organization to recognize the fixed cost of the item so it discovers methods of adjusting their activity to the costs without acknowledging misfortunes (Handlechner, 2008). Further, the organization would need to decide the right markdown esteem that they ought to offer on their items. Distinguishing the ideal spot for advertising is gainful in light of the fact that it would decide the quantity of the clients that would purchase the items. The organization would need to recognize the vital spots where the clients will survey the item without any problem. The business would have ease in setting up the successful dispersion channel in the wake of deciding the correct spot. It would likewise need to decide and contemplate the contenders inside the spot of foundation. Considering the contenders will help in recognizing the shortcoming of the contenders in this way searching for the better method of outcompeting the m in the market. Distinguishing the spot would likewise help the business in deciding if they would utilize a deal power or the exchange fairs relying upon the clients living in the spot. Deciding a reasonable deals system includes an organization deciding the appropriate arrangement of making its item increase an upper hand. The organization would concentrate on the recognizing a business procedure that help the deals in centering the objective market. Since the organization is still new in the market, the top of the line procedure in the market will be immediate selling (Handlechner, 2008). This is on the grounds that the business would need to relate to their clients before presenting their items and administrations in the market. The aberrant selling isn't reasonable since it will include examination of the opposition that will be superfluous to the business. It will just need aberrant selling once it has set up itself in the market and have enough

Writing an Essay - Make an Essay Strong in Your Own Words

Writing an Essay - Make an Essay Strong in Your Own WordsWriting an essay in your own words is not always easy, because a well-written essay needs to be learned. And writing the essay needs to be learned, as well. As a result, you might want to seek help from an instructor or even a professional editor for help in making your essay better. How to write an essay thesis in your own words?The first and foremost thing you should remember when you want to write an essay on your own is that you must express yourself clearly. You cannot make the reader feel that you are wasting his time with the writing. However, that does not mean that you should make a poor presentation of your ideas, so as to avoid all those unpleasant moments, which are bound to follow the completion of your assignment. You must present all your ideas clearly, but not to the point where they are lost or cut short. Because if that happens, they will be lost forever.You must also remember that if you do not put your ideas into the form of an essay, they will go unrewarded and will remain useless, even after you publish them. Therefore, if you want to write an essay thesis in your own words, it is important for you to find a reliable source of writing assignments that can teach you the basics of essay writing.It might be an easy task to find an essay writing center or a writing service that can provide you with high quality essays. But you should remember that you need to look for sources that have a good reputation. Read through all the writers' comments about the writers and their services before you start reading the essays written by them. As a writer, you must not hesitate to criticize these writers in any way.The biggest problem for any student is that he might not be able to write an essay, which expresses his own ideas clearly and persuasively. And even though he might be brilliant in other subjects, he will not be able to use his brilliance to write an essay on his own. But if you plan to co mplete an essay on your own, then you must also remember that the first thing you need to remember is that you must read and learn as much as you can.The process of reading and learning more about the subject you want to write about, can be as simple as sitting down in front of the computer and opening up Google. Or, it can also be as complicated as buying a book on the topic, taking it out of the library and then studying it.You need to come up with enough materials, which you can use to write your essays. There are some resources on the Internet, which can be used to learn this part of the job.Once you have a plan of what you are going to write, and how much information you are going to gather, then you can start organizing the materials to compose an essay. You will find many examples of essays on the Internet that you can refer to, when you are working on your own. And if you want to make an essay strong, you should take advantage of all the things on the Internet.

Understanding How Detergents Actually Work

Detergents and soaps are used for cleaning because pure water cant remove oily, organic soiling. Soap cleans by acting as an emulsifier. Basically, soap allows oil and water to mix so that oily grime can be removed during rinsing. Surfactants Detergents were developed in response to the shortage of the animal and vegetable fats used to make soap during World War I and World War II. Detergents are primarily surfactants, which could be produced easily from petrochemicals. Surfactants lower the surface tension of water, essentially making it wetter so that it is less likely to stick to itself and more likely to interact with oil and grease. Additional Ingredients Modern detergents contain more than surfactants. Cleaning products may also contain enzymes to degrade protein-based stains, bleaches to de-color stains and add power to cleaning agents, and blue dyes to counter yellowing. Like soaps, detergents have hydrophobic or water-hating molecular chains and hydrophilic or water-loving components. The hydrophobic hydrocarbons are repelled by water but are attracted to oil and grease. The hydrophilic end of the same molecule means that one end of the molecule will be attracted to water, while the other side is binding to oil. How Detergents Work Neither detergents nor soaps  accomplish anything except binding to the soil until some mechanical energy or agitation is added into the equation. Swishing the soapy water around allows the soap or detergent to pull the grime away from clothes or dishes and into the larger pool of rinse water. Rinsing washes the detergent and soil away. Warm or hot water melts fats and oils so that it is easier for the soap or detergent to dissolve the soil and pull it away into the rinse water. Detergents are similar to soap, but they are less likely to form films (soap scum) and are not as affected by the presence of minerals in the water (hard water). Modern Detergents Modern detergents may be made from petrochemicals or from oleochemicals derived from plants and animals. Alkalis and oxidizing agents are also chemicals found in detergents. Heres a look at the functions these molecules serve: Petrochemicals/Oleochemicals: These fats and oils are hydrocarbon chains which are attracted to the oily and greasy grime.Oxidizers: Sulfur trioxide, ethylene oxide, and sulfuric acid are among the molecules used to produce the hydrophilic component of surfactants. Oxidizers provide an energy source for chemical reactions. These highly reactive compounds also act as bleaches.Alkalis: Sodium and potassium hydroxide are used in detergents even as they are used in soapmaking. They provide positively charged ions to promote chemical reactions.

What Is a Retention Rate for Colleges and Universities

A schools retention rate is the percentage of new first-year students that enroll in the same school the following year. The retention rate refers specifically to freshmen students that continue at the same school for their sophomore year of college. When a student transfers to another school or drops out  after their freshman year, it can negatively impact their initial universitys retention rate. Retention rates and graduation rates are two critical statistics parents and teens should evaluate when considering prospective colleges. Both are markers of how happy students are in their school, how well-supported they feel in their academic pursuits and private lives, and how likely it is that your tuition money is being well spent. What Influences Retention Rate? There are a number of factors that determine whether a student will stay in college and graduate within a reasonable amount of time. First generation college students tend to have a lower retention rate because they are experiencing a life event that no one in their family has accomplished before them. Without the support of those close to them, first-generation college students are not as likely to stay the course through the challenges that come with being a college student. Past research has indicated that students whose parents have no education beyond high school are significantly less likely to graduate than peers whose parents have at least a bachelor’s degree. Nationally, 89 percent of low-income first-generation students leave college within six years without a degree. More than a quarter leave after their first year — four times the dropout rate of higher-income second-generation students. - ​First Generation Foundation Another factor that contributes to retention rates is race. Students enrolled at more prestigious universities tend to stay in school at a higher rate than those at lesser schools, and Whites and Asians tend to be disproportionately represented at the top-tier universities. Blacks,  Hispanics,  and Native Americans are more likely to enroll at the lower-tier schools. Although enrollment rates for minorities are on the rise, retention, and graduation rates are not keeping up with the enrollment rates.   Students at these less prestigious institutions are much less likely to graduate. According to data from  Complete College America, a coalition of 33 states and Washington, D.C., dedicated to improving graduation rates, full-time students at elite research universities were more than 50 percent more likely to graduate within six years as those at less selective institutions. - Fivethirtyeight.com At schools such as Columbia University, University of Chicago, Yale University and others at the top end of the desirability rankings, retention rate hovers near 99%. Not only that, but students are more likely to graduate in four years than they are at large public schools where classes are more difficult to enroll in and the student population is much larger. Which Student Is Likely to Stay in School? The factors that influence the retention rate for most universities and colleges are closely associated with the vetting process that prospective students use to evaluate schools. Some key points to look for that can positively influence retention rate include: Living in the dorms during freshman year, allowing for a full integration into college life.Attending a school where one is admitted early action or early decision, indicating a strong desire to attend that particular institution.Paying attention to the cost of the school chosen and whether or not it is within budget.Knowing whether a small or large school is a better choice.Being comfortable with technology  Ã¢â‚¬â€ computers, smartphones —  to use for research purposes when studying.Visiting a college before deciding to enroll.Getting involved in on-campus activities —  clubs, Greek life, volunteer opportunities —  that instill a sense of belonging.Being genuinely ready to leave home and have the college experience.Self-motivation and a commitment to succeeding in college.Listening to ones gut and knowing when and if a change in plan is needed regarding career goals and college major.Understanding that college is not just about getting a job after grad uation, but is also about the experience of learning and growing through the interactions with professors and other students who are from different places and different types of families and communities. Once upon a time, some large public universities actually saw low retention as a good thing - a mark of how challenging their curriculum was academically. They greeted freshmen at orientation with such bone-chilling pronouncements as, Look at the people sitting on either side of you. Only one of you will still be here on graduation day. That attitude no longer flies. Retention rate is an important factor for students to consider when choosing where to spend four years of their lives. Edited by Sharon Greenthal

The Tragic Heroes Of A Tragic Hero - 1955 Words

Oedipus Essay Tragic fates and the downfalls of others have always seemed to interest a crowd. Audiences will travel from afar and pay to witness such performances. They listen and sit at the edge of their seats wondering when and how the catastrophe will occur in the protagonist’s doomed life. The reason for this is because almost all of the spectators can relate to the protagonist due to the fact that the protagonists of these tragedies are tragic heroes. These tragic heroes have qualities that render them both tragic and heroic, and they display five key characteristics according to Aristotle’s definition. The criteria of a tragic hero is that they must suffer throughout the play, have a tragic flaw, eventually recognize their tragic flaw and take responsibility for their actions, be neither completely good nor completely bad, and arouse pity and fear in the audience. These traits allow the people in the audience to relate to the tragic hero because no one is complet ely good, no one is completely bad, many have felt suffering, fear having a tragic flaw of their own, and long to recognize their own tragic flaw and take responsibility for their actions. This reliability has helped tragedies, specifically Greek tragedies, become some of the most influential pieces in theatre and literature. In the play Oedipus the King, the protagonist Oedipus is an excellent example of a tragic hero. The first trait of a tragic hero that applies to Oedipus is that he suffers greatly inShow MoreRelatedThe Heroes Of A Hero1082 Words   |  5 PagesChristopher Reeve once said, â€Å"A hero is an ordinary individual who finds the strength to persevere and endure in spite of overwhelming obstacles.† In today’s society, what describes a hero is different to each person you ask. In my opinion, there are three different heroes today. There are the heroes you read about in books and watch in movies such as The Avengers and X-Men, and there are the everyday heroes such as doctors, police, and soldiers. There are also tragic heroes. Shakespeare is famous forRead MoreHeroes and How to Represent Them929 Words   |  4 Pages The word hero is Greek, from a root that means â€Å"to protect and serve†. A hero is someone who is willing to sacrifice his own needs on behalf of others, like a Sheppard who will sacrifice to protect and serve his flock. At the root, the idea of hero is connected with self sacrifice† (Vogler, pg. 29). A hero represents an ego which distinct them from the rest of the human race. The journey of many heroes separates them from a family or tribe. They begin a long journey of only wisdom and power whichRead More Shakespeare - Tragic Heros Essay625 Words   |  3 Pages The name amp;quot;tragic heroamp;quot;, which has become synonymous with Shakespearean dramas, was developed before Hamlet, Macbeth or any of Shakespeare’s well-known plays were written. The literary term was actually discovered around 330 BC by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. Through his theory of catharsis, Aristotle debated that the great plays of Sophicles, Euripides, and other Greek playwrights contained tragic heroes similar to each other, which all portrayed four basic characteristicsRead MoreAristotle s The Tragic Hero1561 Words   |  7 Pagesclaims four requirements for the tragic hero. The hero must be good. The hero must have appropriate quality of his or her gender and class. The hero must be true to life. Lastly, the hero must be consistent. These four characteristics are present in many tragic heroes. However, there are so many different authors with different interpretations of the tragic hero, that to define the tragic hero with merely four traits is not plausible. Aristotle defines the tragic hero in a way too simple manner. Aristotle’sRead MoreRole of Gods and Goddesses in Homers Iliad845 Words   |  4 Pagesdeveloped into one of Western philosophys greatest questions: why is it that people are drawn to watching tragic heroes suffer horrible fates? Aristotles ideas revolve around three crucial effects: First, the audience develops an emotional attachment to the tragic hero; second, the audience fears what may befall the hero; and finally (after misfortune strikes) the audience pities the suffering hero. Through these attachments the individual members of the audience go through a catharsis, a term whichRead MoreAristotle and the Tragic Hero1067 Words   |  5 PagesAristotle and the Tragic Hero The traditional hero stresses courage and nobility as essential traits of heroism. He lived by a code of honor and valued certain things as more important than others, so that he is willing to take risks and endure hardships for their sake. He is often a leader and protector of a community. The fact that the hero not only performs great deeds but performs them out of worthy principles renders his deed even more admirable. On the other hand, the Greek tragic hero is best definedRead More Shakespeares Macbeth and Hamlet as Tragic Heroes Essay893 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet as Tragic Heroes      Ã‚   William Shakespeare has written many literary works - from his sonnets to his plays, each has its own individual characteristics.   One popular characteristic that comes from his plays is the tragic hero.   The audience can always relate to the tragic hero and the many trials he faces.   Macbeth and Hamlet are just two of Shakespeares plays that involve the tragic hero.   Through their nobility, tragic flaws, and dignity Macbeth and Hamlet prove to be tragic heroes. Read MoreTragic Hero1598 Words   |  7 PagesTragic Hero From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A tragic hero is a protagonist with a tragic flaw, also known as fatal flaw, which eventually leads to his demise. The concept of the tragic hero was created in ancient Greek tragedy and defined by Aristotle. Usually, the realization of fatal flaw results in catharsis or epiphany. The tragic flaw is sometimes referred to as an Achilles heel after the single fatal flaw of the Greek warrior Achilles. [citation needed] Aristotelian tragicRead MoreRomeo and Juliet Tragic Hero Essay748 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Shakespeare. For a play to be a tragedy there must be a tragic hero. In Shakespeare plays, tragedy is identified as a story that ends unhappily due to the fall of the protagonist, which is the tragic. In this play there are two tragic heroes. Romeo and Juliet are both the tragic heroes. To be a tragic hero they must be from a high estate, have a tragic flaw, and the tragic flaw is the cause of their downfall. A tragic hero must be from a high estate or well- known family. For a familyRead MoreThe Tragic Hero Of Things Fall Apart 1283 Words   |  6 Pagesyou hear the word hero? You may think of superheroes, a significant figure in your life or anyone else who generally brings greatness about the world. A tragic hero on the other hand is a character who has a flaw that eventually helps aid to their downfall as a tragic hero. In the novel Things Fall Apart written by Chinua Achebe and Macbeth written by Shakespeare, we meet two prime examples of tragic heros. The elements of a tragic hero include hamartia, anagnorisis and the tragic downfall. Hamartia

Feet Descriptive Essay free essay sample

My Feet By Chris Grace Resting on the floor when I look down is one of the least favored parts on my body, my feet. The marble-like color of pink and tan blended together and the almost engraved looking marks around my ankle from wearing socks all day make them just make up some of the characteristics I hate about my feet. From the bottom of them being as rough as sandpaper and flowing into the top where it is smooth as a baby’s face to the tops of my toes coming to a ball shape like an aliens fingers there is just something weird about them. Another thing that characterizes them as weird would be all of the odd shapes and curves they contain. There are the shapes of the muscles of each toe almost shaped like straws under your skin. Along with them are the toes. They vary from being very plump and roundly shaped like the big toe to the long slender shape of the toes next to it or even to the short mangled shape of the pinky toe. We will write a custom essay sample on Feet Descriptive Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I would also characterize my feet as being gross. The dark black hair sprouting out of the tops of my toes is very unappealing. Along with that is the smell of my feet after a long day of work. It is almost as if somebody let a dead animal rot in my shoe and I smell that. Another thing that makes my feet gross to me is the way that they sweat when it is scorching hot outside. I take off my shoe and they remind me of how my feet would be after just stepping out of a shower. The last thing I would characterize my feet as would be amazing. Although they can be gross and weird they are an amazing part of my body. The way you can see all the muscles tighten up and release while walking along with the tendons pulling on your toes is very interesting when you watch it. It makes you wonder how something so odd, disgusting, and very useful is never taken to notice in our lives.

Paintball free essay sample

Paintball is my favorite thing to do in my spare because it never gets old and is always fun. Paintball is the ultimate version of laser tag and capture the flag. It may not be the right sport for all people because and can sting at times and leaves welts and bruises. But if you’re looking for excitement and don’t hurt easily I suggest you try out paintball. The place I like to go to is the Paintball Jungle because it is not confined to small courts and the only thing there is in small courts is air ball and speedball. But when I go with my friends and we have an equal amount of players I will play speedball with them. They also have a sixty two acre forest of eucalyptus trees, forts, bunkers, and bases. There are versions of paintball such as capture the flag and elimination. We will write a custom essay sample on Paintball or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Capture the flag is one version of paintball when you have a flag placed somewhere in the field and two teams have to battle each other to get to the flag. Once you get the flag you try to get the flag back to your starting point. Elimination is the other version of paintball. Elimination is when you battle against another team and you just have to fight the other team off until there is no one left on one of the teams. Once the round of elimination is over, whichever team still has players left is the winning team. Paintball has three types of fields. The first field that most people that have ever seen paintball on T.V. would be air ball. Air ball is one version of paintball that is in a smaller area with blow up bunkers and you can either have capture the flag or elimination. One of the other versions of paintball is speedball, speedball is basically like air ball, it is air ball mostly just its with different bunkers. Last but not least there is forest ball where there is capture the flag, and elimination. Forest ball is a bigger version of paintball and there can be bunkers forts and bases. If you are looking for excitement I suggest you try paintball. If you paintball you get used to the pain after you get hit a couple of times. Paintball is painful at first but it’s not bad, it’s kind of just a stinging sensation. My favorite thing to do whenever I can is paintball. The only bad part about paintball is that it can cost a lot of money. But if it sounds fun to you, then you should try it out.

Compare and contrast how three poets create a distinct sense of place through language and how these places provoke strong emotions in the writer.

Compare and contrast how three poets create a distinct sense of place through language and how these places provoke strong emotions in the writer. As the name of this Section suggests, the theme of these three poems is places. "In Your Mind" written by Carol Ann Duffy, "An Unknown Girl" by Moniza Alvi, and "Geography Lesson" by Zulfiker Ghose each have different ways of presenting a distinct sense of place. In this essay I will be exploring the meaning of each poem and the different uses of language that allow each poet to convey a distinct sense of place.Firstly I will start with "In Your Mind" which is a poem talking about a person voyaging into the past through its memories. At the beginning of the poem, the character is in England as she says: "one autumn in England". It seems as if the character is tired and sad about his situation: "rain", "all afternoon". Then the character leaves this miserable situation and travel through his mind. The cause of the reminiscence is the rain in England.English: poemThis seems to be like a dream as the words have much more positive connotation than at the beginning. The fact that the poet uses free verse is a parallel with what is said in the text as free verse creates a sense of freedom and in the text she is talking about dreams and escaping reality. The author takes the reader in this dream by using the present tense to really show it is happening now and to create a sense of action but also by using the word "you" which includes the reader, and more than that is putting him in the text. The reader can therefore identify to the character. The author uses punctuations to look as if his memories are gradually coming back. He is also saying that memories are short live and fade away as it is illustrate in...

The Collection Activities of the Intelligence Community Essay

The Collection Activities of the Intelligence Community - Essay Example In regard to the foregoing, experts have traditionally divided the intelligence cycle into five parts: requirements, collection, processing and exploitation, and analysis and production. After the needs of the intelligence consumers have been sorted out, it is important that there is a collection. Some requirements need specific types of collection while others require several types of collection. The question on how should or can be collected to meet specific requirements is also fully settled. It must be noted that the collection merely produces information and not intelligence. It is only after the information has undergone processing and exploitation that it can be deemed as intelligence and handed over to analysts. This process includes translations of the information gathered, decryption and interpretation of the stored data (Carello, 2012). The four steps (identifying requirements, information gathering and processing and exploitation) are then subjected to experts in differen t fields for analysis and production. These analysis and production convert the intelligence gathered, processed and exploited into reports which serve the needs of policymakers (Morrison, 2011). Presently, there are experts such as Lowenthal (2011) who have added two more processes to the five steps above, so that there are seven steps in the intelligence cycle. These processes are dissemination and consumption and feedback. The reason behind the addition of the two steps is the hat how policymakers consume intelligence reports is important and that it is of great value that policymakers report back how their intelligence requirements were met to allow room for adjustments and improvements.

Edmunds.com marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Edmunds.com marketing - Essay Example The three books published by Edmunds are Edmunds.com New Cars & Trucks Buyers Guide, Edmunds.com Used Cars & Trucks Buyers Guide and Edmunds.coms Strategies for Smart Car Buyers. It provides automotive information through other media as well. Edmunds operates through its headoffice in Santa Monica, California and is continuing an office outside of Detroit, Michigan. After expanding its business in 1995, Edmunds has been updating and improving its websites regularly. Tips/Advice- In this segment of the site, you are acknowledged about the process of buying. You are guided on how to reach at the best financing deals. It also assists consumers in scheduling and provides other related tips. The Edmunds.com website provides free account service. Cosumers can set up their accounts on their own to get customized online services according to their personal needs. Edmunds’ services help buyers to zero-in the perfect vehicle for them. It gets you linked to a local dealer in realizing a deal. Instead of playing the role of a broker, Edmunds.com provides a listing of the area dealers to its visitors, with a clickable icon to receive a price quote from that very dealer. Unlike other automotive sites, it offers you to choose from the list a dealer of your choice. The services of Edmunds are different and better from its rival companies, as car shoppers can have a view of list prices themselves unlike other websites, where you have to provide your personal address and contact details to receive a response. Edmunds provides both choices. You can opt for the additional option of finding the records of local car dealers yourself. By entering your area zip code and vehicle of your choice, you are provided a list of area dealers, who have the same vehicle, along with a link to that dealers’ website so that you may get a list price and other information. Some of the

Economic factors affecting to two wheeler Industry Essay Example for Free

Economic factors affecting to two wheeler Industry Essay The two-wheeler market in India is the biggest contributor to the automobile industry with a size of Rs. 100,000 million. The two-wheeler market in India comprises of 3 types of vehicles, namely motorcycles, scooters, and mopeds. Foreign collaborations have been playing a major role in the growth of the Indian two-wheeler market, and most of them are Japanese firms. The modern two-wheeler firms in India have been manufacturing new categories of two wheelers such as Step Thrus and Scooterettes. These have been produced by combining two or more two-wheeler segments. Foreign firms have already taken initiatives to own their two-wheeler subsidiaries in India. Among the 3 segments of the Indian two wheeler market, major growth trends have been seen in the motorcycle segment over the last four to five years. One good reason for such increase in demand for motorcycles is due to its resistance and balance even on bad road conditions. Most of the rural areas in India do not have decent roads and hence the need for good, shock-resistant, and steady two-wheelers such as motorcycles had been felt. Some of the major players in the Indian motorcycles market are Hero Honda CBZ, Bajaj Pulsar, TVS and Apache. Other brands include Splendor, Passion, Fiero, Victor, Star City, Boxer, CD Dawn, Karizma, Caliber, etc. Having classified the motorcycle brands into economy, executive, and premium segments, Bajaj stands as the leader in the economy segment, Hero Honda leads in the executive segment, and there is a competition in the premium segment between Hero Honda and Bajaj. The following are the main factors that affect two-wheeler sales in India: Increase in credit and financing for auto vehicles Two-wheeler loans and financing has been on the rise. Increase in consumers salary Due to opportunities offered by multinationals the disposable incomes of salaried individuals have increase manifold. Constant petrol prices Today, the government of India has been working on reducing subsidies on kerosene and diesel which will keep petrol prices at more or less the same level. Delay in initiation of Mass Transport System Probably a future threat to the two-wheeler market, the implementation of the mass transport system has been delayed. However, the two-wheeler market in India is a fast growing market due to its technological advancements in product manufacturing and emphasis on design innovation.

The Role of Counseling :: essays papers

The Role of Counseling A study performed in 1992, reported approximately 3,400,000 youth had failed to complete high school and were not enrolled in high school (Starr 1998). This statistic is based on the United States where job competition has greatly increased due to technology. Many of these student lacked the support and training necessary to succeed in today’s society. Currently in every high school across the nation, there is a person responsible for offering support and training to the youth of America. Available for all students is a guidance counselor. Counselors within the high school setting play an influential role in the forming of post high school goals through the planning of numerous activities. Education Week reported in the â€Å"Metropolitan Life Survey of the American Teacher 2000† that seventy-one percent of students state their post-high school plans as a four-year college (Eduacation Week, 2000). The fact is seventy-five percent of Americans youth do not graduate from college (Starr, 1998). Due to the inconsistency of the reported statistics a counselor needs to advise each student in the direction that best suits them. This task is difficult considering the large number of students per counselor. Counselors are able to advise more students through planned activities (Ordsmyth, 2002). There is also the need to support students through the transitional stage between significant events. Preparing a student to enter a four-year college, two-year college, military or job force is crucial to their future success. Ways to Prepare the Student A guidance counselor is an important element in the formation of post high school plans. Counselors offer an outlet of information that should be used by all students. There are numerous ways for the counselor to approach post high school planning. One technique is the writing of an essay about their ideal school (Marthers, 1997). This idea was developed by, Paul Marthers, in hopes that conversation would be stimulated. A student involved in the college search should focus on their desires pertaining to college. A study by Nafziger, Holland and Gotffredon, in 1975, indicated the improbability of a student leaving a school that matches their personality type; therefore the importance of the college search is highlighted (Marthers, 1997). Starting the college search with a positive outlook will affect the entire process (Marthers, 1997). Goodnough and Ripley are also accredited with a technique beneficial to post- high school planning (1997).

Adulthood and aging

In this paper, adulthood and aging are shown from different sides: first, the major values for the elderly such as relationships, spirituality and quality of life are discussed; second, the cultural views towards aging in the United States and Asia are given.The cultural differences in views towards elderly in Asia are shown on example of Japan, as one of the most developed and civilized countries of Asia. The importance of the subject is emphasized by the overview of recent studies on various aspects of aging published in psychological journals. The aged population has been long in focus of different researches: psychological, social, economic et cetera.The fact that aging population has been steadily increasing is widely recognized and proved by statistic researches. Hence, the interest towards aging and its problems.Aging takes different shapes in different countries. Therefore, many studies are particularly interested in aging in different regions of the world. Cross-cultural asp ects of aging present interest for multinational societies, such as American society. This paper discusses many of these issues. Adulthood and AgingLater life is viewed as occurring from about age 70 to 75 years and upwards; further distinctions are sometimes made between the ‘young old’ and the ‘old-old’ i.e., adults in the age period of about 70–84 and adults aged about 85 years and over. Chronological age is an important social and personal marker of identity, behavior, expectations, experiences, and preferences.Adults in their seventies, for example, often score lower than their younger counterparts on measures of negative affect including worry and anxiety (Gems, 2003); older adults can also score more highly than younger adults on measures of agreeableness and consciousness (Thane, 2003).Similarly, adults in mid- and later life are more likely to be generative than their younger counterparts; in fact although younger people can be altruistic th ey cannot be generative as it is only with experience and time that this vital role of teaching, guiding and supporting others can occur.Older adults are not necessarily a unique group of adults qualitatively different from other age groups; this is because many of the issues often associated with later life are issues pertinent at any age throughout the life-course, for example, the need to maintain a balance between autonomy and dependence, and the need for secure, warm and accepting relationships with others.Furthermore, although old age is noted as a time for increasing losses and constraints on development, losses and challenges occur throughout the life-course and not just in later life. (Thane, 2003)As social beings, most adults need to be in close relationships with other people, for enjoyment, for meaning and purpose in life, and also as a means of learning more about ourselves and the world within which we live. Warm and close relationships with other people have also been described as being a healthy necessity from ‘the cradle to the grave’ (Blundo R. & Deborah E. Bowen, 2005).Relationships, are very important for our health and well-being particularly reciprocal relationships, which also serve a protective function such as relationships with a spouse or equivalent figure. In addition, it is often within close relationships that we offer and receive support, particularly at times when the risk of threat to the actual or representational self is higher, for example when taking on new projects or goals.Relationships with close others can also be a significant source of pleasure, enjoyment, and meaning for adults.Most older adults need and enjoy relationships with younger generations; so too do communities need relationships with older adults. This point is made strongly by Jackson J. (2002) who draws on ethnographic, cross-cultural, and anthropological data to argue that as a consequence of maturation and experience older adults have thei r own unique strengths and talents that can and should be used in the social context, and particularly in helping, supporting, and teaching the next generation.Jackson takes this perspective, particularly in light of the ‘parental emergency’ (p. 825), in other words, the difficulties and problems involved in raising emotionally healthy children without the support of the extended family and friends.In later life, however, relationships with other people can be lost, constrained or the quality of relationships impaired. In later life, for example, adult children may divorce and separate so that older people may lose generative links with younger family members. Similarly, into the latter half of the life cycle adults are more likely to experience the loss of parents, spouses, and/or the loss of other close attachment relationships through bereavements.Also, personal work roles that the individual had and enjoyed may no longer be salient or relevant such as when children are grown up and leave home. Furthermore, given compulsory retirement, the friends and acquaintances that one had through the work role may have to be surrendered.Although adults can experience significant losses and constraints in their relationships with others, these can be a consequence of the interactions and expectations of others, rather than being intrinsic to the aging process. Society may not always be supportive of the needs of its older members.For example, society can impose constraints on relationships into later life in terms of expectations for relinquishing the work role or even about the aptness of certain sexual relationships.This is particularly the case given the potential for ageism within which older adults can be disadvantaged with subsequent loss of health or even loss of life itself, for example, when older adults are denied health treatment or counseling because of the negative views health professionals can have of older people.Evidence examining the ways in which older adults are viewed by society is mixed. Some researchers have found that many older people are viewed in very negative ways (Steuerle, 2001).In contrast, other researchers have found that the results of studies on attitudes to older adults are influenced by the specific attributes being assessed. Dooley E. (2003) for example asked a group of undergraduates (aged 17–24) to rate their attitudes towards young, mid-life, and older adults across cognitive (intellectual abilities or information processing), personal-expressive (personality or interpersonal attributes), and physical attributes relating to physical health, behavior, or movement.Results indicated that attitudes towards the physical attributes of older adults were more negative by comparison with young and mid-life adults. In contrast, no significant difference was found for personal-expressive attributes, but there was a main effect for age on cognitive attributes.A post hoc test indicated that the atti tudes of participants towards midlife adults were significantly more positive than were those for younger adults (mean −0.48) or for older adults (mean −.027). Although these insights are useful, this study was carried out using undergraduate students as participants, thus making generalisability difficult. Researchers in this field should attempt to replicate the above study with other participant groups.Some social losses and threats that assume crises in mid- and later life (e.g., ‘empty nest syndrome’) have little empirical evidence to support them (Feldstein B. & Jeffrey B. Liebman, 2003). A contrasting view is that there are challenges associated with each age period around which adults must adapt. This contrasting view does not remove the reality of social stressors, but instead, recognizes that these occur throughout the life course, and not just old age.Studies have shown that the quality of social networks of older people have many similarities to those of younger age groups, but that the number of contacts within the networks are fewer for the old. Socioemotional selectivity theory (Feldstein B. & Jeffrey B. Liebman, 2003) attempts to describe the functional declines in social contact throughout adulthood.This theory describes the practical aspects of social interactions to include information acquisition, identity maintenance, and emotion regulation. The essential premise of the theory is that the relative important of those goals changes as a function of perceived time, and that these goals influence and explain declines in social contact across adulthood.When time is perceived as being largely open-ended, future-orientated goals such an information acquisition are of paramount importance. However, when time is perceived as being limited, present-orientated goals such as emotional goals, are rated as being most important. Consequently, adults into later years are seen as actively preferring certain types of social contact (e.g., emotionally satisfying contact) over others such as information gathering.There are substantial differences in adults’ preferences for social activities and social contacts, however, and some of these differences can be explained by gender, ethnicity, and physical health. It is well known that women typically have more social contact than do men, especially more intimate friends or confidants.Confidants are typically women, in part given the difference in mean ages between the sexes. Age differences between the sexes in western countries is around five years, but in some countries the difference is larger, such as Finland, where the difference is eight years.This means that older women often live alone, whereas older men are married. It also means that women are more likely to be caregivers by comparison with their male counterparts. Health is another significant factor explaining reductions in social activity in later years.The patterns of not initiating new contacts with non-familial persons is clearly visible in nursing homes and other institutions. There can be a significant risk involved in contact seeking in old age; conversations can become difficult for example if others have sensory difficulties, particularly hearing loss.To summarize, relationships in later years can be an intense source of both pleasure and distress. Relationships with others can be a significant source of enjoyment and meaning in life. Relationships with others are also crucial not only for the well-being of individuals but also of whole communities given that society is often dependent on the experience and expertise that older adults develop over many decades of life.However, in later life as throughout life, the relationships and social roles that adults have with others can be compromised, constrained, or even lost. These losses can arise through bereavement or because society does not always provide its older members with adequate support and resources.Understand ing the ways adults evaluate and regulate changes in relationships is likely to be crucial if health professionals are to help facilitate better health and well-being for more people for longer into the latter part of the life cycle.Future research in this area should be carried out to refine and clarify the nature of relationships across adulthood, and the impact that social motives and other factors might play in influencing the quality and nature of relationships. Future research is also needed to explore and examine the positive qualities within close family relationships, particularly between parents and their adult children, and siblings who have shared experiences over many decades of life.Japan is much more densely populated than the United States but not much more so than Great Britain. Japan is clearly one of the most industrialized nations in the world with a higher proportion of its gross national product from manufacturing than the United States, Great Britain, or Denma rk.Its total gross national product is second only to the United States; its per capita income, however, is lower than the three comparison countries. It has a higher rate of natural increase and a lower percentage aged 65 and over than the comparison countries, but recent decreases in birth and death rates are expected to rapidly increase the percentage aged 65 and over. (Bernier, 2003)The Japanese are relatively homogeneous racially and ethnically which may facilitate the integration of the aged. Some social-psychological traits relevant to this analysis are: strong national pride, concern with politeness and deference toward superiors, a dominant aesthetic sense, and a more casual attitude toward time.Transportation is less of a problem for the aged in Japan because of the many neighborhood shops and the elaborate system of public transportation.The tradition of respect for the aged has strong roots both in the vertical social system and in the unconditional duty of filial piety, which derives from the fundamental Japanese religion, ancestor worship.Thus, the ecology and economic system of Japan are similar to that of western industrialized nations, but her social system and culture have distinctive elements that have helped maintain the relatively high status and integration of older Japanese.The health status of Japanese elders has been improving with better nutrition, sanitation, and medical care so that they are now about as healthy as the aged in other modern countries.The Japanese elders are much more integrated in their families as shown by their living arrangements and functions in the household. Furthermore, there has been little decline in proportions living with their children so that over two-thirds will probably continue to live with their children during the foreseeable future.The employment status of the elders is much higher than in other industrialized countries: over half the older men continue to be employed. Most of those who stop work, do so for voluntary and health reasons rather than being forced to stop by compulsory retirement or other discrimination against the aged.The trends indicate little decline in employment status. Those who are not employed do tend to have relatively low independent incomes, but pensions and retirement benefits are rapidly improving, and the system of family support usually assures at least the minimum necessities of life. (Katsumata, 2001)The main explanation for their relatively high status and integration is the tradition of respect for elders that has its roots in the vertical society and in religious doctrines of filial piety.Respect and affection for the elders are shown on a daily basis by honorific language; bowing; priority for the elders in seating, serving, bathing, and going through doors. It is also reflected in popular sayings, special celebrations of the sixty-first birthday, the national observance of Respect for Elders Day, and the National Law for Welfare of the Aged .We therefore conclude that the theory of marked decline in the status of the aged as a necessary result of industrialization is false. On the contrary, Japan shows that a tradition of respect for the aged can maintain their relatively high status and integration despite industrialization.In Western countries, including the USA, the attitude towards elderly is far less respectful and the connection with younger generations is often lost. However, high income, pensions and a highly developed social care system help American elderly to live their later life with comfort. Japanese elderly often depend on their younger generation in economic terms. The conclusion we make is that both financial matters and social relationship factors are important for aging people.

Borderline Personality Disorder Essay - 1473 Words

Personality disorders are very defined and recognized in today’s society. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) published by the American Psychiatric Association provides common language and standards classifying mental disorders. The DSM is used by many people in varying disciplines in the USA as well as many other countries. In times past, people with disorders may have been outcast from a community or even persecuted. However, in our current culture the pendulum has swung in the other direction. It almost seems that there is a trend to explain all behavior by a mental disorder. This results in needing to disprove that certain people are not displaying a disorder, rather acting within a normal human emotion or†¦show more content†¦As the name BPD infers, it was thought to be on the border between psychotic and neurotic behavior. With stigmatizing negative association, BPD is slowly changing to no longer be considered a relevant term for dia gnosing. 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